-       Introduction.

-       Risks Related to Foreign Trade.

-       Foreign Trade Deal & Contract of Sale Components.

-       Terms of Delivery (Incoterms®2020).

-       The Four Methods of Payment in International Trade:

-          Advance payment.

-          Open account.

-          Documentary Collection.

-          Documentary Credits/ Letters of Credit:

-          History of documentary credits.

-          The role of the International Chamber of Commerce “ICC”.

-          The development of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits “UCP”.

-          UCP 600 CONTENTS.

-          The Definition of Letter of Credit.

-          Complying Presentation.

-          Relations Under the Letter of Credit.

-          Benefits of Letters of credit.

-          Parties to a Letter of credit.

-          Other parties which facilitate the Letter of credit.

-          Letter of credit Cycle.

-          Types of Letters of Credit:

-       Irrevocable LCs

-          In terms of Confirmation:

-       Unconfirmed L/Cs

-       Confirmed L/Cs

-          In terms of Payment’s Method:

-          Sight payment LCs

-          Deferred payment LCs

-          Acceptance LCs

-          Negotiation LCs

-       Other Types of DCs:

-          Revolving Letters of credits.

-          Transferable Letters of credits.

-          Back-to-back Letters of credits.

-          Standby LCs.

-       Shipping (Commercial) Documents under DCs:

-          Commercial Invoice.

-          Certificate of Origin.

-          Transport Documents.

-          Insurance Document.

-          Other Documents .

-       Amendments under LCs.

-       Examination of documents under LCs.

-       Why LC’s Parties involved in this method for payment? 

-       Letters of Credit as Indirect Facilities and credit risks related to that.

-       Accounting treatment of LC’s.

-       Examples and cases.